Hot Spot in Solar Panels

 

  • When a cell in the photovoltaic module is damaged or a part of the module is shaded, the shaded cells will not be able to produce as much current as the un-shaded cells.
  • Since all the cells are connected in series, the same amount of current will flow through the damaged or shaded cell that will now act as resistance and become hot and energy generated in the module will be lost.
  • This is known as a ‘hotspot’ phenomenon.
  • This can be avoided by using a bypass diode in the module parallel to the output terminal as shown in the diagram below.
  • If one cell is damaged then the rest of the array can force current through it, producing a significant temperature rise in the cell and leading to further damage.
  • This phenomenon is called a “hot spot” formation.
  • As per IEC 62548, a PV system with voltages above 50V DC should include a bypass diode.




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